EVOLUTION
DARWIN’S THEORY OF NATURAL SELECTION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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the length and width of the individuals
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the number of offspring
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the mass of the food eaten in its life
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the mass of the individuals
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Detailed explanation-1: -Fitness is measured by an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce, which determines the size of its genetic contribution to the next generation. However, fitness is not the same as the total number of offspring: instead fitness is indicated by the proportion of subsequent generations that carry an organism’s genes.
Detailed explanation-2: -The fitness of alleles, traits or strategies is typically estimated by measuring the lifetime performance of the individual in which they occur: lifetime reproductive success (LRS: the number of offspring produced over the lifespan) is one such measure (Clutton-Brock 1988).
Detailed explanation-3: -Today, scientists can compare their DNA. Similar DNA sequences are the strongest evidence for evolution from a common ancestor.
Detailed explanation-4: -The correct answer is option (b). The fitness of an organism is directly proportional to its reproductive success. The relative fitness is measured by measuring how well an individual can reproduce and produce how many viable and fertile offspring.