AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Darwin observed the greatest diversity of organisms on the Galápagos Islands.

Detailed explanation-2: -In Galapagos he found a remarkable population of plants, birds and reptiles that had developed in isolation from the mainland, but often differed on almost identical islands next door to one another and whose characteristics he could only explain by a gradual transformation of the various species.

Detailed explanation-3: -Each species had adapted to its environment on the different islands. The finches could be clearly distinguished from each other according to their shape and size. Darwin therefore concluded that those birds that were able to change to make optimal use of the food supply survived.

Detailed explanation-4: -Giant Tortoises Darwin noticed that different tortoise species lived on islands with different environments. He realized that the tortoises had traits that allowed them to live in their particular environments. For example, tortoises that ate plants near the ground had rounded shells and shorter necks.