AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Natural selection is the process through which populations of living organisms adapt and change. Individuals in a population are naturally variable, meaning that they are all different in some ways. This variation means that some individuals have traits better suited to the environment than others.

Detailed explanation-2: -"Variation is a feature of natural populations and every population produces more progeny than its environment can manage. The consequences of this overproduction is that those individuals with the best genetic fitness for the environment will produce offspring that can more successfully compete in that environment.

Detailed explanation-3: -Variation implies changes in the gene pool of a population, enlarging the genetic variability from which natural selection can choose. But in the absence of natural selection, variation causes dissipation and randomization.

Detailed explanation-4: -What three kinds of variations among organisms did Darwin observe during his voyage? During Darwin’s voyage, he found out that species vary globally, locally, and over time. These variations were caused by the limited resources and environmental conditions present in the habitat of these species.

Detailed explanation-5: -Darwin’s theory of ‘evolution by natural selection’ relies on variation among individual animals or plants of the same species. The best adapted individuals will survive the ‘struggle of life’ and will pass their successful characteristics onto their offspring.