AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In punctuated equilibrium, change comes in spurts. There is a period of very little change, and then one or a few huge changes occur, often through mutations in the genes of a few individuals.

Detailed explanation-2: -Charles Darwin understood that evolution was a slow and gradual process. By gradual, Darwin did not mean “perfectly smooth, ” but rather, “stepwise, ” with a species evolving and accumulating small variations over long periods of time until a new species was born.

Detailed explanation-3: -Sudden and a heritable change in a character/ gene of an organism is mutation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Punctuated change is usually defined as a discontinuity in organizational development and is traditionally associated with environmental turbulence; it is also associated with step changes in the performance of an organization.

Detailed explanation-5: -When significant evolutionary change occurs, the theory proposes that it is generally restricted to rare and geologically rapid events of branching speciation called cladogenesis.