AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Cytochrome c is functionally involved in the electron transport chain of mitochondria. That electron transport is part of the pathway for synthesis of ATP. The role of cytochrome c is to carry electrons from one complex of integral membrane proteins of the inner mitochondrial membrane to another (Fig. 10.3).

Detailed explanation-2: -Abstract. Cytochrome c (Cytc) is a multifunctional protein, acting as an electron carrier in the electron transport chain (ETC), where it shuttles electrons from bc1 complex to cytochrome c oxidase (COX), and as a trigger of type II apoptosis when released from the mitochondria.

Detailed explanation-3: -Cytochromes a a-Type cytochromes in mitochondria are an important part of the electron transport chain. They form an integral part of complex III, where they take up electrons from cytochrome c and pass them on to the copper ions and the bound oxygen in the cytochrome oxidase system.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), known as complex IV of the electron transport chain, plays several important roles in aerobic cellular respiration.

Detailed explanation-5: -Cytochrome c oxidase is the terminal complex of eukaryotic oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. This process couples the reduction of electron carriers during metabolism to the reduction of molecular oxygen to water and translocation of protons from the internal mitochondrial matrix to the inter-membrane space.