AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A phylogenetic tree, also known as a phylogeny, is a diagram that depicts the lines of evolutionary descent of different species, organisms, or genes from a common ancestor.

Detailed explanation-2: -A cladogram is a branching tree diagram that shows ancestral relationships among organisms. These diagrams show evolutionary relationships between different branches referred to as clades.

Detailed explanation-3: -A cladogram shows how species may be related by descent from a common ancestor. A classification of organisms on the basis of such relationships is called a phylogenetic classification. A phylogenetic classification involves placing organisms in a clade with their common ancestor.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cladograms and phylogenetic trees are evolution classifications used to demonstrate the genetic relationships of different species of organisms and to show their similarities in physical structure.

Detailed explanation-5: -The terms evolutionary tree, phylogenetic tree, and cladogram are often used interchangeably to mean the same thing-that is, the evolutionary relationships among taxa. The term dendrogram is also used interchangeably with cladogram, although there are subtle differences, discussed in Chapter 9.