AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -So, the correct answer is ‘Natural selection whereby the darker forms were selected’

Detailed explanation-2: -Tutt suggested that the peppered moths were an example of natural selection. He recognized that the camouflage of the light moth no longer worked in the dark forest. Dark moths live longer in a dark forest, so they had more time to breed. All living things respond to natural selection.

Detailed explanation-3: -An example of directional selection is the increase in darker forms of the peppered moth (Biston betularia) that occurred in industrial areas, where the moths with darker wing coloration are better camouflaged than those with lighter wings against polluted tree trunks (see industrial melanism).

Detailed explanation-4: -Explanation: During the industrial revolution with an increase in the burning of coal and production of soot, the black form of the peppered moth was dominate. Natural selection favored the black form in an environment that was polluted.

Detailed explanation-5: -Their light wings are “peppered” with small dark spots. Predators of the peppered moth include flycatchers, nuthatches, and the European robin. Like most moths, peppered moths avoid predators that hunt in the daylight by flying at night and resting during the day.