AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -If modern organisms have a lot of homologous structures, what inference might paleontologists make about those organisms? One organism evolved from the other.

Detailed explanation-2: -Homologous structures provide evidence for common ancestry, while analogous structures show that similar selective pressures can produce similar adaptations (beneficial features). Similarities and differences among biological molecules (e.g., in the DNA sequence of genes) can be used to determine species’ relatedness.

Detailed explanation-3: -Homologous structures are structures that have a common function and suggest common ancestry. Similar embryos suggest that these animals are related and have common ancestors.

Detailed explanation-4: -A common example of homologous structures in evolutionary biology are the wings of bats and the arms of primates. Although these two structures do not look similar or have the same function, genetically, they come from the same structure of the last common ancestor.

Detailed explanation-5: -Evidence for evolution is provided by homologous structures. These are structures shared by related organisms that were inherited from a common ancestor. Other evidence for evolution is provided by analogous structures. These are structures that unrelated organisms share because they evolved to do the same job.