AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Out of the 14 finches observed by Darwin, 13 were from the Galapagos island, and one was from the Cocos island. These finches evolved from a common ancestor to have different beaks well-suited for different types of food they feed on.

Detailed explanation-2: -During his five-week voyage to the Galapagos Islands, Darwin noticed that several closely related species of finches had slightly different beak structures, which favoured the use of different food sources.

Detailed explanation-3: -On the Galápagos, finches evolved based on different food sources-long, pointed beaks served well for snatching insects while broad, blunt beaks work best for cracking seeds and nuts.

Detailed explanation-4: -In Galapagos he found a remarkable population of plants, birds and reptiles that had developed in isolation from the mainland, but often differed on almost identical islands next door to one another and whose characteristics he could only explain by a gradual transformation of the various species.

Detailed explanation-5: -Darwin’s finches are small birds which were studied by Darwin on Galapagos island. The original ancestral species of Darwin’s finch were seed eating types.