AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -So, the correct option is ‘Homologous organs’.

Detailed explanation-2: -Homologous structures share a similar embryonic origin; analogous organs have a similar function. For example, the bones in the front flipper of a whale are homologous to the bones in the human arm. These structures are not analogous. The wings of a butterfly and the wings of a bird are analogous but not homologous.

Detailed explanation-3: -Limbs. Cetacean flippers have the same bones as the forelimbs of other mammals. The humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges are all present. However, in cetaceans the radius and ulna (forearm) and humerus (upper arm) are fused.

Detailed explanation-4: -An example of homologous structures are the limbs of humans, cats, whales, and bats. Regardless of whether it is an arm, leg, flipper or wing, these structures are built upon the same bone structure. Homologies are the result of divergent evolution.

Detailed explanation-5: -Whales, bats, cheetah and human share similarities in the pattern of bones of forelimbs. Though these forelimbs perform different functions in these animals, they have similar anatomical structure – all of them have humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges in their forelimbs.