AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The upper forelimbs of humans and bats have fairly similar skeletal structures, whereas the corresponding bones in whales have very different shapes and proportions. However, genetic data suggest that all three kinds of organisms diverged from a common ancestor at about the same time.

Detailed explanation-2: -Anatomy and Embryology The similar construction of these appendages indicates that these organisms share a common ancestor. Another type of evidence for evolution is the presence of structures in organisms that share the same basic form.

Detailed explanation-3: -Homologous structures are similar physical features in organisms that share a common ancestor, but the features serve completely different functions. An example of homologous structures are the limbs of humans, cats, whales, and bats.

Detailed explanation-4: -Structural evidence for evolution. Observing anatomical features shared between organisms (including ones that are visible only during development) can indicate that they share a common ancestor. Fossil skeletons of horse relatives dating from various time periods. Fossils showing equine evolution.

Detailed explanation-5: -Whales, bats, cheetah and human share similarities in the pattern of bones of forelimbs. Though these forelimbs perform different functions in these animals, they have similar anatomical structure – all of them have humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges in their forelimbs.