AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In evolutionary biology, convergent evolution is the process whereby organisms not closely related (not monophyletic), independently evolve similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches.

Detailed explanation-2: -Convergent evolution is similar to parallel evolution, which occurs when two independent species evolve in the same direction and thus independently acquire similar characteristics; for instance, gliding frogs have evolved in parallel from multiple types of tree frog.

Detailed explanation-3: -Convergent evolution occurs when species occupy similar ecological niches and adapt in similar ways in response to similar selective pressures. Traits that arise through convergent evolution are referred to as ‘analogous structures’.

Detailed explanation-4: -Independently Developing Similar Traits This is caused by convergent evolution. This form of evolution happens when two or more species which do not have a recent common ancestor occupy similar niches in different parts of the world. This causes the different species to face very similar pressures of natural selection.

Detailed explanation-5: -Two species occupying a similar habitat may exhibit common physical traits; if these species come from different biological ancestors yet still have much in common, their similarities may be the result of convergent evolution.