AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Explanation: Biological or Darwinian fitness is defined based on the specimen’s ability to reproduce and generate viable offspring. Essentially, the fitness of the individual is based on its ability to pass genetic information on to the next generation, as opposed to any physical characteristic or trait.

Detailed explanation-2: -In the crudest terms, fitness involves the ability of organisms-or, more rarely, populations or species-to survive and reproduce in the environment in which they find themselves 6–9. The consequence of this survival and reproduction is that organisms contribute genes to the next generation.

Detailed explanation-3: -Natural selection is a mechanism of evolution. Organisms that are more adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and pass on the genes that aided their success. This process causes species to change and diverge over time.

Detailed explanation-4: -Darwinian fitness describes how successful an organism has been at passing on its genes. The more likely that an individual is able to survive and live longer to reproduce, the higher is the fitness of that individual.

Detailed explanation-5: -Darwin’s fitness refers only to reproductive fitness. It is the capacity of a variant type of organism to invade and displace the resident population in competition for the available resources.