AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -With one gene controlling a trait we have three possible genotypes, AA, Aa and aa and depending on the allelic interactions (dominance or incomplete dominance) we can have two or three phenotypes.

Detailed explanation-2: -In codominance, there are two possible phenotypes. When both alleles at a gene locus are completely expressed in the phenotype, it is known as codominance, which is a heterozygous state.

Detailed explanation-3: -An individual’s phenotype is the combination of their observable characteristics or traits. While an organism’s genotype is directly inherited from its parents, phenotype is merely influenced by genotype. Environmental factors can also affect phenotype.

Detailed explanation-4: -Monohybrid: This occurs when two parents are crossed and produce offspring with only one phenotype. Dihybrid: When two parents are crossed and produce offspring with combinations of the phenotypes of the parents.

Detailed explanation-5: -We inherit half of our genes (alleles) from ma, & the other half from pa, so we end up with two alleles for every trait in our phenotype. An excellent example of multiple allele inheritance is human blood type. Blood type exists as four possible phenotypes: A, B, AB, & O.