AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Natural selection on single-gene traits can lead to changes in allele frequencies and, thus, to changes in phenotype frequencies. Natural selection on polygenic traits can affect the distributions of phenotypes in three ways: directional selection, stabilizing selection, or disruptive selection.

Detailed explanation-2: -Natural selection also affects allele frequency. If an allele confers a phenotype that enables an individual to better survive or have more offspring, the frequency of that allele will increase.

Detailed explanation-3: -In a population without migration, two processes that change allele frequencies are selection, which increases beneficial alleles and removes deleterious ones, and genetic drift, which randomly changes frequencies as some parents contribute more or fewer alleles to the next generation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Natural selection is a mechanism of evolution. Organisms that are more adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and pass on the genes that aided their success. This process causes species to change and diverge over time.

Detailed explanation-5: -How might natural selection on single-gene traits lead to evolution? Natural selection on single-gene traits can lead to changes in allele frequencies and thus to evolution. What is a directional selection? which individuals at one end of the curve have higher fitness than individuals in the middle or at the other end.