AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Directional selection occurs when individuals at one end of the curve have higher fitness than individuals in the middle or at the other end.

Detailed explanation-2: -Directional selection: One of the extreme phenotypes has the highest fitness.

Detailed explanation-3: -Explanation: With regard to evolution and natural selection, fitness refers only to the ability of an organism to contribute to the next generation of its species. In other words, if an organism has a large number of viable offspring, its fitness is high, regardless of other factors like strength, size, and longevity.

Detailed explanation-4: -Diversifying (or disruptive) selection: Diversifying selection occurs when extreme values for a trait are favored over the intermediate values. This type of selection often drives speciation. Diversifying selection can also occur when environmental changes favor individuals on either end of the phenotypic spectrum.