AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Disruptive selection occurs when individuals at the upper and lower ends of the curve have higher fitness than individuals near the middle. Disruptive selection acts against individuals of an intermediate type and can create two distinct phenotypes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Stabilizing Selection – individuals near the center of the curve have higher fitness than individuals at either end of the curve.

Detailed explanation-3: -Directional selection: One of the extreme phenotypes has the highest fitness. The bell curve shifts towards the more fit phenotype. Disruptive selection: Both extreme phenotypes have a higher fitness than intermediate phenotypes. The bell curve develops two peaks.

Detailed explanation-4: -One example of disruptive selection is dark and light-colored oysters. Both dark-colored oysters and light-colored oysters have camouflage advantages. Light-colored oysters will blend with the rocks and dark-colored oysters can hide under the rock shadow.