EVOLUTION
EVOLUTION OF A POPULATION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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With a copied gene, the cell can make twice the amount of the same protein.
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Both the original gene and its copy become more useful as they develop mutations over time.
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The original gene remains useful while its copy develops useful mutations over time.
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After a gene is copied, its mutation rate decreases and the genome becomes more stable.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Gene duplication can provide new genetic material for mutation, drift and selection to act upon, the result of which is specialized or new gene functions. Without gene duplication the plasticity of a genome or species in adapting to changing environments would be severely limited.
Detailed explanation-2: -Susumu Ohno was one of the most famous developers of this theory in his classic book Evolution by gene duplication (1970). Ohno argued that gene duplication is the most important evolutionary force since the emergence of the universal common ancestor.
Detailed explanation-3: -Gene duplications are traditionally considered to be a major evolutionary source of new protein functions. The conventional view, pioneered by Susumu Ohno, holds that a gene duplication produces two functionally redundant, paralogous genes and thereby frees one of them from selective constraints.
Detailed explanation-4: -Gene therapy is a technique that modifies a person’s genes to treat or cure disease. Gene therapies can work by several mechanisms: Replacing a disease-causing gene with a healthy copy of the gene. Inactivating a disease-causing gene that is not functioning properly.