AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Hardy–Weinberg principle states that after one generation of random mating genotype frequencies will be p2, 2pq, and q2. In the absence of other evolutionary forces (such as natural selection), genotype frequencies are expected to remain constant and the population is said to be at Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium.

Detailed explanation-2: -When a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for a gene, it is not evolving, and allele frequencies will stay the same across generations. There are five basic Hardy-Weinberg assumptions: no mutation, random mating, no gene flow, infinite population size, and no selection.

Detailed explanation-3: -Evolutionary Implications of the Hardy-Weinberg Theorem The Hardy-Weinberg Theorem demonstrates that Mendelian loci segregating for multiple alleles in diploid populations will retain predictable levels of genetic variation in the absence of forces that change allele frequencies.

Detailed explanation-4: -Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium requires no immigration or emigration, a large population, random mating, and no spontaneous mutations (all of which are virtually unavoidable in nature). Natural selection would violate these conditions.

Detailed explanation-5: -The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is not applicable under which of the following conditions? Random mating, large population size, no gene flow into or out of the population, asexual reproduction, or no mutations.