AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The number of phenotypes produced for a given trait depends on how many genes control the trait. Height in humans is an example of a single-gene trait . Each gene of a polygenic trait often has two or more phenotypes . A single polygenic trait often has many possible genotypes .

Detailed explanation-2: -A polygenic trait is a characteristic, such as height or skin color, that is influenced by two or more genes. Because multiple genes are involved, polygenic traits do not follow the patterns of Mendelian inheritance. Many polygenic traits are also influenced by the environment and are called multifactorial.

Detailed explanation-3: -The number of phenotypes for a certain trait is usually influenced by the number of genes that control the trait. It can either be a single-gene trait or a polygenic trait. A single-gene trait refers to a characteristic or a phenotype that is controlled by one gene.

Detailed explanation-4: -An organism’s phenotype is determined by its genotype, which is the set of genes the organism carries, as well as by environmental influences upon these genes.

Detailed explanation-5: -Diploid organisms inherit two alleles for each gene; one allele from each parent. Interactions between alleles determine an organism’s phenotype. If an organism inherits two of the same alleles for a particular trait, it is homozygous for that trait. Homozygous individuals express one phenotype for a given trait.