AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Answer and Explanation: This statement is false.

Detailed explanation-2: -So, while allele frequencies are almost certain to change in each generation, the amount of change due to sampling error decreases as the population size increases. Perhaps the most important point is that the direction of the change is unpredictable; allele frequencies will randomly increase and decrease over time.

Detailed explanation-3: -Random forces lead to genetic drift These changes in relative allele frequency, called genetic drift, can either increase or decrease by chance over time. Typically, genetic drift occurs in small populations, where infrequently-occurring alleles face a greater chance of being lost.

Detailed explanation-4: -Allele frequencies will thus change over time in this population due to chance events-that is, the population will undergo genetic drift. The smaller the population size (N), the more important the effect of genetic drift.

Detailed explanation-5: -Hence statement 2 is correct. Hardy-Weinberg principle stated it using algebraic equations. This principle says that allele frequencies in a population are stable and are constant from generation to generation. The gene pool (total genes and their alleles in a population) remains a constant.