AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Allopatric speciation (1) occurs when a species separates into two separate groups which are isolated from one another. A physical barrier, such as a mountain range or a waterway, makes it impossible for them to breed with one another.

Detailed explanation-2: -Geographic isolation occurs when two populations are separated by geographic barriers such as rivers, mountains, or bodies of water.

Detailed explanation-3: -The physical separation of members of a population. populations may be physically separated when their original habitat becomes divided. Example: when new land or water barriers form. See also allopatric speciation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Geographic isolation is known to contribute to divergent evolution, resulting in unique phenotypes. Oftentimes morphologically distinct populations are found to be interfertile while reproductive isolation is found to exist within nominal morphological species revealing the existence of cryptic species.

Detailed explanation-5: -Speciation is the process by which new species form. It occurs when groups in a species become reproductively isolated and diverge. In allopatric speciation, groups from an ancestral population evolve into separate species due to a period of geographical separation.