AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In the equation, p2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype AA, q2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype aa, and 2pq represents the frequency of the heterozygous genotype Aa. In addition, the sum of the allele frequencies for all the alleles at the locus must be 1, so p + q = 1.

Detailed explanation-2: -The frequency of genotypes in a population may be calculated using the formula p2 + q2 + 2pq = 1, where p2 represents the frequency of homozygous dominant genotype, q2 represents the frequency of recessive genotype, and 2pq represents the frequency of heterozygous genotype.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Hardy-Weinberg genotype frequencies, p2 + 2pq + q2, represent the binomial expansion of (p + q)2, and also sum to one (as must the frequencies of all genotypes in any population, whether it is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium).

Detailed explanation-4: -The Hardy-Weinberg Equation The terms of this equation are defined as follows: p = the frequency of the dominant allele in a population. q = the frequency of the recessive allele in a population.