AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Allopatric speciation, also known as geographic speciation, is speciation that occurs when biological populations of the same species become isolated due to geographical changes such as mountain building or social changes such as emigration.

Detailed explanation-2: -In allopatric speciation, groups become reproductively isolated and diverge due to a geographical barrier. In sympatric speciation, reproductive isolation and divergence occur without geographical barriers-for example, by polyploidy.

Detailed explanation-3: -alternative to allopatric speciation is sympatric speciation, in which reproductive isolation occurs within a single population without geographic isolation. In general, when populations are physically separated, some reproductive isolation arises.

Detailed explanation-4: -Allopatric speciation is a mechanism to evolve reproductive isolation; it is caused by the accumulation of genetic differences between populations while they are geographically isolated.

Detailed explanation-5: -Explanation: Sympatric speciation occurs when a species of organisms becomes two different species whilst inhabiting the same area. Geographic barriers do not play a role in their divergence from one another. Allopatric speciation occurs because of a geographical barrier such as a mountain range.