AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium . The Hardy-Weinberg Theorem deals with Mendelian genetics in the context of populations of diploid, sexually reproducing individuals. Given a set of assumptions (discussed below), this theorem states that: allele frequencies in a population will not change from generation to generation.

Detailed explanation-2: -If a population is in a state called Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequencies of alleles, or gene versions, and genotypes, or sets of alleles, in that population will stay the same over generations (and will also satisfy the Hardy-Weinberg equation).

Detailed explanation-3: -Genetic equilibrium occurs when there is no evolution within the population. In other words, the frequency of alleles (variants of a gene) will be the same from one generation to another. At genetic equilibrium, the gene or allele frequencies are stable-they do not change.

Detailed explanation-4: -The condition where a gene pool is not changing in frequency across generations is a genetic equilibrium. This is because the evolutionary forces acting upon the allele are equal. As a result, the population does not evolve even after several generations.

Detailed explanation-5: -This is useful because it lets us calculate a theoretical equilibrium frequency which is defined as the point at which there is no more change in allele frequencies, i.e. when Dp = 0 which is when (pt+1) = (pt); from above: pt(1-u) + (1-p)t(v) = pt [remember, q=(1-p)].