AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -1 = p2 + 2pq + q2 P and q each represent the allele frequency of different alleles. The term p2 represents the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype. The other term, q2, represents the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Hardy-Weinberg equation is p2+2pq+q2=1 and is used to determine the frequency of genotypes in a given population. To solve for the frequency of a specific genotype, start by replacing the appropriate terms with the known values you’ve been given.

Detailed explanation-3: -In the question, the genotype frequency of recessive population is (q2) = (16% or 0.16). Hence, frequency of recessive allele = q = 0.16 = 0.4.

Detailed explanation-4: -Count up the aa types and you have the observed q2. Then, take the square root of q2 to get q, and then subtract q from 1 to get p. Square p to get p2 and multiply 2*p*q to get the observed heterozygous Aa genotype frequency.