AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In the Hardy Weinberg equation (p2 + q2 + 2pq = 1), p is the frequency of the dominant allele and q is the frequency of the recessive allele for a gene controlled by a pair of alleles.

Detailed explanation-2: -In the equation, p2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype AA, q2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype aa, and 2pq represents the frequency of the heterozygous genotype Aa. In addition, the sum of the allele frequencies for all the alleles at the locus must be 1, so p + q = 1.

Detailed explanation-3: -There are three kinds of genotypes: homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, and heterozygous dominant. The Hardy-Weinberg equation is p2+2pq+q2=1 and is used to determine the frequency of genotypes in a given population.

Detailed explanation-4: -Yes Hardy-Weinberg is mainly used to calculate the expected frequency assuming: no mutations, no gene transfer, random mating, large population, and no selection.