EVOLUTION
HISTORICAL CONTEXT FOR EVOLUTIONARY THEORY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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continual increases in population size.
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the actions of organisms as they use or fail to use body structures.
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an unchanging local environment.
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the natural variations already present within the population of organisms.
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Detailed explanation-1: -According to Lamarck, new needs (besoins) arise in animals as a result of a change in the environment. This leads to new types of behaviour involving new uses of pre-existing organs. Their use leads to an increase in size or to other methods of functioning. Conversely, the disuse of other parts leads to their decline.
Detailed explanation-2: -According to Lamarck, organisms altered their behavior in response to environmental change. Their changed behavior, in turn, modified their organs, and their offspring inherited those “improved” structures.
Detailed explanation-3: -Lamarck’s theory cannot account for all the observations made about life on Earth. For instance, his theory implies that all organisms would gradually become complex, and simple organisms disappear.
Detailed explanation-4: -Lamarck proposed theories like the inheritance of acquired characters, use and disuse, increase in complexity, etc. whereas Darwin proposed theories like inheritance, different survival, species variation, and extinction.
Detailed explanation-5: -Their theories are different because Lamarck thought that organisms changed out of need and after a change in the environment and Darwin thought organisms changed by chance when they were born and before there was a change in the environment.