AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Instead, some physical similarities are analogous: they evolved independently in different organisms because the organisms lived in similar environments or experienced similar selective pressures. This process is called convergent evolution.

Detailed explanation-2: -Examples of convergent evolution include the relationship between bat and insect wings, shark and dolphin bodies, and vertebrate and cephalopod eyes. Analogous structures arise from convergent evolution, but homologous structures do not.

Detailed explanation-3: -Convergent evolution occurs when species occupy similar ecological niches and adapt in similar ways in response to similar selective pressures. Traits that arise through convergent evolution are referred to as ‘analogous structures’.

Detailed explanation-4: -Traits that arise through convergent evolution are referred to as ‘analogous structures’. They are contrasted with ‘homologous structures’, which have a common origin.

Detailed explanation-5: -Two species occupying a similar habitat may exhibit common physical traits; if these species come from different biological ancestors yet still have much in common, their similarities may be the result of convergent evolution.