AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Genetic variations that alter gene activity or protein function can introduce different traits in an organism. If a trait is advantageous and helps the individual survive and reproduce, the genetic variation is more likely to be passed to the next generation (a process known as natural selection).

Detailed explanation-2: -Branching descent and natural selection are the two key concepts of evolution theory of Darwin. Branching descent. Branching descent explains the ‘pattern’ of evolution. The new forms arise as ‘branches’ from pre-existing forms. This indicates that species from the branch will have a common ancestor.

Detailed explanation-3: -The three core principles of evolution – variation, heredity, and differential fitness – crystalized in the 1970s, still serve as a conceptual benchmark for the theory of evolution by natural selection.

Detailed explanation-4: -What concept about variations is included in the modern theory of evolution? Over long periods of time those with favorable traits did not survive long enough to reproduce so the unfavorable trait disappears.

Detailed explanation-5: -Natural selection. According to this theory; evolutionary change, comes about through the abundant production of genetic variation in every generation. The relatively few individuals who survive, owing to a particularly well-adapted combination of inheritable characters, give rise to the next generation.