AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Individual organisms can evolve during a single lifespan. Evolution only occurs slowly and gradually. Because evolution is slow, humans cannot influence it. Genetic drift only occurs in small populations.

Detailed explanation-2: -The new findings suggest that most evolution occurs rapidly in a new habitat. This example can be considered a prolonged process over a few decades, or a pulsed event on the scale of millennia [14].

Detailed explanation-3: -Viewed through the lens of deep time – a period of a million years or more – evolutionary change happens glacially, if at all. But when biologists measure short-term rates of change – also called microevolution, which happens over years to decades – it is remarkably rapid.

Detailed explanation-4: -The theory of punctuated equilibrium states that evolutionary change is characterised by short periods of rapid evolution followed by longer periods of stasis in which no change occurs.

Detailed explanation-5: -When conditions change, some species possess adaptations that allow them to survive and reproduce, while others do not. If the environment changes slowly enough, species will sometimes evolve the necessary adaptations, over many generations.