AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Rock layers are also called strata (the plural form of the Latin word stratum), and stratigraphy is the science of strata. Stratigraphy deals with all the characteristics of layered rocks; it includes the study of how these rocks relate to time.

Detailed explanation-2: -In geology and related fields, a stratum (PL: strata) is a layer of rock or sediment characterized by certain lithologic properties or attributes that distinguish it from adjacent layers from which it is separated by visible surfaces known as either bedding surfaces or bedding planes.

Detailed explanation-3: -Rock strata refers to stacked-up layers of sedimentary rock. Other kinds of rock can have layering in them but the word ‘strata’ is reserved for sedimentary rocks, rocks composed of individual fragments of minerals or other rocks.

Detailed explanation-4: -Sedimentary rocks originate when particles settle out of water or air, or by precipitation of minerals from water. They accumulate in layers.

Detailed explanation-5: -Sedimentary rocks are layered. Some form when particles of rocks and minerals settle out of water or air. Others form when minerals precipitate directly out of water. Sedimentary rocks are identified by their minerals and texture.