AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Hutton proposed that the interior of the Earth was hot, and that this heat was the engine which drove the creation of new rock: land was eroded by air and water and deposited as layers in the sea; heat then consolidated the sediment into stone, and uplifted it into new lands.

Detailed explanation-2: -Hutton’s contributions Hutton showed that Earth had a long history that could be interpreted in terms of processes observed in the present. He showed, for instance, how soils were formed by the weathering of rocks and how layers of sediment accumulated on Earth’s surface.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Scottish naturalist James Hutton (1726-1797) is known as the father of geology because of his attempts to formulate geological principles based on observations of rocks.

Detailed explanation-4: -What evidence did Hutton propose to show that Earth is very old? Hutton reasoned that the extremely slow-working forces that changed the land on his farm has also slowly changed the rocks that make up Earth’s crust.