AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The diversification of a common ancestral species into a variety of species all of which are differently adapted is called adaptive radiation.

Detailed explanation-2: -How is a single ancestral species able to diversify into several new species through adaptive radiation? A single species has a lot of genetic variation. Different selective pressures on different traits can result in several new species that capitalize on this genetic variation.

Detailed explanation-3: -New species arise through a process called speciation. In speciation, an ancestral species splits into two or more descendant species that are genetically different from one another and can no longer interbreed. Darwin envisioned speciation as a branching event.

Detailed explanation-4: -Adaptive radiation is a type of microevolution process, which causes changes in morphological and ecological diversity. Divergent evolution is a type of macroevolution process, which causes the emergence of new species through sexual incompatibility between individuals.