AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A gene that can occur in two forms is said to have two alleles. Body color in fruit flies is an example of a gene with two alleles: a dominant allele for brown body color, and a recessive allele for black body color.

Detailed explanation-2: -Allele Frequencies In a sexually reproducing species, each member of the population has two copies of each gene. Therefore, the total number of copies of each gene in the gene pool is 200.

Detailed explanation-3: -A gene pool refers to the combination of all the genes (including alleles) present in a reproducing population or species. A large gene pool has extensive genomic diversity and is better able to withstand environmental challenges.

Detailed explanation-4: -When the copies of a gene differ from each other, they are known as alleles. A given gene may have multiple different alleles, though only two alleles are present at the gene’s locus in any individual.

Detailed explanation-5: -An individual inherits two alleles, one from each parent, for any given genomic location where such variation exists. If the two alleles are the same, the individual is homozygous for that allele. If the alleles are different, the individual is heterozygous.