AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Prokaryotic cells are single-celled microorganisms known to be the earliest on earth. Prokaryotes include Bacteria and Archaea. The photosynthetic prokaryotes include cyanobacteria that perform photosynthesis. A prokaryotic cell consists of a single membrane and therefore, all the reactions occur within the cytoplasm.

Detailed explanation-2: -Prokaryotic cells are believed to be the oldest cells on Earth. Thus, all bacteria are prokaryotic, but not all prokaryotes are bacteria. The other major group of prokaryotes is the blue green algae (also known as cyanobacteria).

Detailed explanation-3: -Bacterial cells are prokaryotic. They possess a ‘nucleoid’, an irregular-shaped region of the cell that contains circular DNA. Moreover, membrane-bound cell organelles are also absent in them.

Detailed explanation-4: -The bacteria are the oldest and simplest living organisms, and all of the bacteria are “prokaryotes, ” meaning that they do not have a true membrane-bound nucleus as eukaryotes do. [Prokaryote is derived from Greek, meaning “before nucleus"; eukaryote means “true nucleus."]

Detailed explanation-5: -Bacteria and archaea are all unicellular prokaryotes. Eukaryotes do have cell nuclei and their structures are more complex. Yeasts and algae are examples of unicellular eukaryotes. Unlike prokaryote cells, eukaryote cells have organelles, cell organs fulfilling important functions in the cell.