AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -There are bacteria that live in hot springs and other volcanic water that get their energy from chemicals released as a result of volcanic activity. They do not need light, and they do not need oxygen, and the Earth’s interior provides them with heat, so they can live without the sun.

Detailed explanation-2: -If the sun would go out, no life could survive on most of earth’s surface within a few weeks. Water and air would freeze over into sheets of ice.

Detailed explanation-3: -Nearly everything eats sunshine – or eats something else that ate sunshine. The Sun is the major source of energy for organisms and the ecosystems of which they are a part. Producers, such as plants and algae, use energy from sunlight to make food energy by combining carbon dioxide and water to form organic matter.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Calvin cycle is also called the dark reactions or light-independent reactions because it is the part that doesn’t need energy from the sun to happen. The Calvin cycle takes place within the stroma of the chloroplast.