EVOLUTION
THE ORIGIN OF LIFE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain DNA similar to bacterial DNA
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Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms require oxygen to use energy
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Bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts all all divide by mitosis, while the cells containing them divide by binary fission
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Bacteria and mitochondria contain many features that are similar to each other but different from those of chloroplasts.
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Detailed explanation-1: -The endosymbiotic theory states that some of the organelles in eukaryotic cells were once prokaryotic microbes. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are the same size as prokaryotic cells and divide by binary fission.
Detailed explanation-2: -The leading hypothesis, called the endosymbiotic theory, is that eukaryotes arose as a result of a fusion of Archaean cells with bacteria, where an ancient Archaean engulfed (but did not eat) an ancient, aerobic bacterial cell.
Detailed explanation-3: -Evidence for Endosymbiosis Evidence that supports the extracellular origins of these organelles can be seen by looking at certain key features: Membranes (double membrane bound) Antibiotics (susceptibility) Division (mode of replication)
Detailed explanation-4: -The endosymbiotic theory posits that some eukaryotic cell organelles, such as mitochondria and plastids, evolved from free-living prokaryotes. Available data indicate that the mitochondrial endosymbiosis initiated the evolution of the eukaryotic cell, as suggested by Margulis.
Detailed explanation-5: -Abundant evidence has been found for endosymbiosis: Mitochondria and chloroplasts divide by binary fission (a form of asexual reproduction), just as bacteria do, and not by mitosis as Eukaryotes do. Mitochondria arise from preexisting mitochondria; chloroplasts arise from preexisting chloroplasts.