EVOLUTION
THE ORIGIN OF LIFE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Electric sparks can generate amino acids and sugars from a watery environment.
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Plant fossils are found near volcanoes.
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Mineral crystals in hot clay could have arranged organic molecules into organized patterns.
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The ancestors of today’s chimpanzees are most closely related to the bacteria that live on the deep-sea vents.
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Prehistoric worm feces
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Detailed explanation-1: -By creating protocells in hot, alkaline seawater, a UCL-led research team has added to evidence that the origin of life could have been in deep-sea hydrothermal vents rather than shallow pools.
Detailed explanation-2: -Authors of the new theory argue the environmental conditions in porous hydrothermal vents-where heated, mineral-laden seawater spews from cracks in the ocean crust-created a gradient in positively charged protons that served as a “battery” to fuel the creation of organic molecules and proto-cells.
Detailed explanation-3: -It was Bernal (1951), however, who first suggested that clay minerals played a key role in chemical evolution and the origins of life because of their ability to take up, protect (against ultraviolet radiation), concentrate, and catalyze the polymerization of, organic molecules [3].
Detailed explanation-4: -The Oparin-Haldane hypothesis, Miller-Urey experiment, and RNA world.