AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Explanation: The Endosymbiotic Theory states that the mitochondria and chloroplast in eukaryotic cells were once aerobic bacteria (prokaryote) that were ingested by a large anaerobic bacteria (prokaryote). The aerobic bacteria were initially free-living prokaryotes, before being ingested by anaerobic bacteria.

Detailed explanation-2: -This proposed origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts is known as the endosymbiotic hypothesis.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mitochondria and the origin of eukaryotes The leading hypothesis, called the endosymbiotic theory, is that eukaryotes arose as a result of a fusion of Archaean cells with bacteria, where an ancient Archaean engulfed (but did not eat) an ancient, aerobic bacterial cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -A eukaryotic cell is distinct from a prokaryotic cell by the presence of membrane-bound cellular structures called organelles. And based on this theory, the organelles mitochondria and chloroplasts are supposedly the early prokaryotic endosymbionts that had been taken in.

Detailed explanation-5: -which of the following is a characteristic of mitochondria and chloroplasts that supports the endosymbiotic theory? both contain DNA molecules.