AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -When it comes to angular unconformity, metamorphism is the answer.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Law of Superposition, which states that older layers will be deeper in a site than more recent layers, was the summary outcome of ‘relative dating’ as observed in geology from the 17th century to the early 20th century.

Detailed explanation-3: -To establish the age of a rock or a fossil, researchers use some type of clock to determine the date it was formed. Geologists commonly use radiometric dating methods, based on the natural radioactive decay of certain elements such as potassium and carbon, as reliable clocks to date ancient events.

Detailed explanation-4: -Stratigraphy: Assuming that soil layers in a deposit accumulate on top of one another, and that the bottom layers will be older than the top layers, stratigraphy allows archaeologists to construct a relative chronological sequence from the oldest (bottom) to youngest (top) layers.

Detailed explanation-5: -Law of Superposition The relative ages of rocks are important for understanding Earth’s history. New rock layers are always deposited on top of existing rock layers. Therefore, deeper layers must be older than layers closer to the surface. This is the law of superposition.