EVOLUTION
THE ORIGIN OF LIFE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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It shows that the first prokaryotic organisms lived in large communities
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It explains how organelles and eventually eukaryotic cells could have arisen
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It proves that different prokaryotic organisms mated to produce eukaryotic organisms
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It provides insight into the now well-understood interdependence in food chains and webs
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Detailed explanation-1: -This tells us that organelles are more closely related to prokaryotes. The green chloroplasts in this cell are now a critical part of plant cells, but they evolved from an entirely different organism than the plant cell.
Detailed explanation-2: -This major theme in the origin of eukaryotes is known as endosymbiosis, where one cell engulfs another such that the engulfed cell survives and both cells benefit. Over many generations, a symbiotic relationship can result in two organisms that depend on each other so completely that neither could survive on its own.
Detailed explanation-3: -The endosymbiotic theory posits that some eukaryotic cell organelles, such as mitochondria and plastids, evolved from free-living prokaryotes. Available data indicate that the mitochondrial endosymbiosis initiated the evolution of the eukaryotic cell, as suggested by Margulis.
Detailed explanation-4: -The leading hypothesis, called the endosymbiotic theory, is that eukaryotes arose as a result of a fusion of Archaean cells with bacteria, where an ancient Archaean engulfed (but did not eat) an ancient, aerobic bacterial cell.
Detailed explanation-5: -The endosymbiotic theory describes how a large host cell and ingested bacteria could easily become dependent on one another for survival, resulting in a permanent relationship. Over millions of years of evolution, mitochondria and chloroplasts have become more specialized and today they cannot live outside the cell.