AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -This is an analogy. Complete solution: The Eyes of octopus and human are examples of analogy or convergent evolution. Brains of vertebrates are an example of homology or divergent evolution.

Detailed explanation-2: -So, the eyes of octopuses and mammals are an example of convergent evolution.

Detailed explanation-3: -Assertion: Homologous structures are a result of divergent evolution. Reason: Eyes of an octopus and humans are both analogous structures.

Detailed explanation-4: -Octopus vulgaris, well-known from temperate waters of the Mediterranean Sea and a well-cited model species among the cephalopods, has large eyes with which it scans its environment actively and which allow the organism to discriminate objects easily.

Detailed explanation-5: -They have a camera-type eye which consists of an iris, a circular lens, vitreous cavity (eye gel), pigment cells, and photoreceptor cells that translate light from the light-sensitive retina into nerve signals which travel along the optic nerve to the brain.