AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Complement of an event: The complement of event A, denoted by A c, consists of all outcomes that are not in A. Mutually exclusive or disjoint: Events are mutually exclusive or disjoint if they cannot occur simultaneously. Null event: The event containing no outcomes. It is the complement of sample space S.

Detailed explanation-2: -The complement of an event is the subset of outcomes in the sample space that are not in the event. A complement is itself an event. The complement of an event A is denoted as Ac or A′. An event and its complement are mutually exclusive and exhaustive.

Detailed explanation-3: -The complement of an event is the event not occuring. The probability that Event A will notoccur is denoted by P(A’). The probability that Events A and B both occur is the probability of the intersection of A and B. The probability of the intersection of Events A and B is denoted by P(A ∩ B).

Detailed explanation-4: -Complementary events occur when there are only two outcomes, for example, clearing an exam or not clearing an exam. The complement means the exact opposite of an event.

Detailed explanation-5: -When one of two disjoint events must occur, the two events are said to be complementary. Since one or the other event must occur, the sum of the probabilities of the two complementary events adds up to 1, or 100 percent of the outcomes of the events.