AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Sex-linked, as related to genetics, refers to characteristics (or traits) that are influenced by genes carried on the sex chromosomes. In humans, the term often refers to traits or disorders influenced by genes on the X chromosome, as it contains many more genes than the smaller Y chromosome.

Detailed explanation-2: -X-linked recessive inheritance refers to genetic conditions associated with mutations in genes on the X chromosome. A male carrying such a mutation will be affected, because he carries only one X chromosome. A female carrying a mutation in one gene, with a normal gene on the other X chromosome, is generally unaffected.

Detailed explanation-3: -Several genes on the X chromosome play an important role in sex development in males and females, gametogenesis, and hypothalamic-pituitary (gonadotrope) function (e.g., androgen receptor[AR], ANOS1 [also calledKAL1], DAX1[NR0B1], MAMLD1, SOX3).