AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -People who are heterozygous (Aa) are not healthy carriers. They have the disorder just like homozygous dominant (AA) individuals. of being entirely normal. Punnett squares are standard tools used by genetic counselors.

Detailed explanation-2: -If an organism has two copies of the same allele, for example AA or aa, it is homozygous for that trait.

Detailed explanation-3: -Individuals that are homozygous have the same allele. They can be homozygous dominant, with two dominant “A” alleles, or homozygous recessive, with two recessive “a” alleles. They can also be heterozygous, meaning they have two different alleles for that gene. This is typically shown as “Aa."

Detailed explanation-4: -The term “homozygous” is used to describe the pairs “AA” and “aa” because the alleles in the pair are the same, i.e. both dominant or both recessive. In contrast, the term “heterozygous” is used to describe the allelic pair, “Aa”.

Detailed explanation-5: -(HEH-teh-roh-ZY-gus JEE-noh-tipe) The presence of two different alleles at a particular gene locus. A heterozygous genotype may include one normal allele and one mutated allele or two different mutated alleles (compound heterozygote).