AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Hetero-fertilization (HF) occurs when the egg cell and central cell are fertilized by sperm cells from different pollen grains.

Detailed explanation-2: -Alternatively, cross-pollination occurs when pollen grains are transferred to the stigma of a flower on a different plant of the same species. This means that a sperm cell will fertilize an egg cell of a different plant, with different genetic material.

Detailed explanation-3: -The fusion of the egg and sperm is called fertilization. Fertilization is the process by which the male and female gametes fuse to give rise to zygote.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cross Fertilization-Pollen grains are transferred from one flowers’ anther to another’s stigma. This happens when two blossoms on different plants interact. And it happens often when flowers with diverse genetic backgrounds come together.

Detailed explanation-5: -Double fertilization is fusion of one male gamete with egg resulting in the formation of zygote and other male gamete with secondary nucleus forming PEN.