AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The presence of two different alleles at a particular gene locus. A heterozygous genotype may include one normal allele and one mutated allele or two different mutated alleles (compound heterozygote).

Detailed explanation-2: -A genotype that has two copies of the same allele, for example: GG or gg, is called homozygous. Alternatively, a genotype that has two different alleles, for example: Gg, is called heterozygous.

Detailed explanation-3: -The “GG” genotype of rs26802 variant in the ghrelin gene is a potential protective factor against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Detailed explanation-4: -The trait determined by the GG genotypes is homozygous dominant as it contains two copies of the dominant allele. b) Rrgg-the trait determined by the Rr genotype is heterozygous as it contains one dominant (R) and one recessive (r) allele.

Detailed explanation-5: -Blood group A has two genotypes IAIA which is homozygous and IAIO which is heterozygous. Similarly, blood group B has two genotypes IBIB which is homozygous and IBIO which is heterozygous.