AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Phenylketonuria (fen-ul-key-toe-NU-ree-uh), also called PKU, is a rare inherited disorder that causes an amino acid called phenylalanine to build up in the body. PKU is caused by a change in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene. This gene helps create the enzyme needed to break down phenylalanine.

Detailed explanation-2: -PKU is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Recessive genetic disorders occur when an individual inherits an abnormal gene from each parent. If an individual receives one normal gene copy and one abnormal gene copy, they will be a carrier for the condition, but will not have symptoms.

Detailed explanation-3: -(FEH-nil-KEE-tone-yoor-ee-uh) An inherited disorder that causes a build-up of phenylalanine (an amino acid) in the blood. This can cause mental retardation, behavioral and movement problems, seizures, and delayed development.

Detailed explanation-4: -Phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) deficiency, better known as PKU, is the most common inborn error of amino acid metabolism. It results from an impaired ability to metabolize the essential amino acid phenylalanine, leading to accumulation in blood and tissues.

Detailed explanation-5: -Solution : Person affected with phenylketonuria lack an enzyme (phenylalanine hydroxylase) that converts amino acid phenylalanine into tyrosine.