AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -DNA is a dynamic and adaptable molecule. As such, the nucleotide sequences found within it are subject to change as the result of a phenomenon called mutation.

Detailed explanation-2: -A mutation is a change in a DNA sequence. Mutations can result from DNA copying mistakes made during cell division, exposure to ionizing radiation, exposure to chemical called mutagens, or infection by viruses.

Detailed explanation-3: -A gene variant is a permanent change in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene. This type of genetic change used to be known as a gene mutation, but because changes in DNA do not always cause disease, it is thought that gene variant is a more accurate term.

Detailed explanation-4: -Gene variants (also known as mutations) can have varying effects on health, depending on where they occur and whether they alter the function of essential proteins. Variant types include the following: Substitution. This type of variant replaces one DNA building block (nucleotide) with another.

Detailed explanation-5: -Point Mutation A point mutation occurs in a genome when a single base pair is added, deleted or changed. While most point mutations are benign, they can also have various functional consequences, including changes in gene expression or alterations in encoded proteins.